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Tackling the Causes and Consequences of Wealth Inequality

An interdisciplinary program funded by the James M. and Cathleen D. Stone Foundation unites Harvard faculty, students, and researchers working to shape fairer economic systems around the world

Stone program public lecture
STONE PROGRAM PUBLIC LECTURES AND SEMINARS SHOWCASE NEW RESEARCH ON INEQUALITY.
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The uneven distribution of wealth is a global problem with ripple effects that touch every aspect of society, affecting not just quality of life but also life expectancy. According to research from the Social Policy Lab at the Malcolm Wiener Center for Social Policy at Harvard Kennedy School (HKS), Americans in wealthy counties are now outliving those in lower-income areas by as much as 20 years—the largest gap that the nation has seen in four decades.

Leveling the economic playing field is central to the philanthropic mission of the James M. and Cathleen D. Stone Foundation and its founders, Jim AB ’69, PhD ’73 and Cathy Stone, a former Institute of Politics fellow. The Stones view the increase in excessive wealth concentration to be harmful to our collective health, democratic principles, and the public good. Through their foundation, the Stones have given generously to the Wiener Center at HKS, including funding fellowships for doctoral students. This cohort of social science researchers, known as Stone PhD Scholars, has been illuminating the many interdisciplinary aspects of wealth and income inequalities since 2016.

Building on their past support, the Stones recently made a new gift to HKS to establish the James M. and Cathleen D. Stone Program in Wealth Distribution, Inequality, and Social Policy—a University-wide initiative based at the Wiener Center that brings together students, faculty, and researchers from across Harvard and beyond to explore the root causes of wealth inequality and find solutions to improve outcomes around the world.

In addition to HKS, the Stones have funded wealth inequality initiatives at other institutions around the world, including the City University of New York; INSEAD; University of California, Berkeley; Brown University; University College London; University of Michigan; and the University of Chicago.

“There must be more research and teaching on the causes and consequences of increasing wealth inequality,” says Jim Stone. “Harvard University, and Harvard Kennedy School specifically, can address these issues before a trend towards wealth concentration carries society away from meritocracy, productivity, empathy, mobility, and democratic ideals.”

Spanning the disciplines of sociology, political science, economics, education, government, public policy, and more, the Stone Program includes support for a consortium of graduate student researchers studying matters of income and wealth inequality, policy-based research on tangible social problems, and public events to amplify findings to a wide audience.

In addition, the Stone Program—which incorporates the ongoing work of the Multidisciplinary Program in Inequality and Social Policy—is expanding its reach and impact by inviting prominent visiting scholars to Harvard and creating a flexible grant program to help researchers expedite their work.

For HKS, the program represents a key step in its goals to support the next generation of scholars pursuing these intractable issues.

“Harvard is at the forefront of studying and researching inequality thanks to the Stone Program,” says Maya Sen AB ’00, PhD ’12, professor of public policy and faculty director of the Stone Program at HKS. “We are thrilled to be able to build on our existing strengths while also helping push the boundaries of research and scholarship with exciting new opportunities.”

“Income inequality and concentrated wealth can leave many people at economic and social disadvantage,” said Douglas Elmendorf PhD ’89, dean and Don K. Price Professor of Public Policy at HKS. “Appropriate public policy to create a fairer economic system can provide economic opportunity and mobility for people currently deprived of such prospects. The establishment of this program by Jim and Cathy Stone will allow the Kennedy School to build a critical mass of scholars creating evidence-based approaches to this crucial challenge.”

Akshay Dixit
AKSHAY DIXIT
Allison Daminger
ALLISON DAMINGER PHD ’22
Anna Stansbury
ANNA STANSBURY MPP '15, PHD ’21

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A Transformative Experience

Stone PhD Scholar Akshay Dixit and two former Stone PhD Scholars—Allison Daminger PhD ’22 and Anna Stansbury MPP ’15, PhD ’21—share how the program has shaped their research.


Akshay Dixit

What did you study at Harvard?

Before becoming a PhD student of political economy and government, I was a research fellow at the Ash Center for Democratic Governance and Innovation at Harvard Kennedy School. Prior to that, I earned a master’s in international and development economics from Yale University.

What are you working on now?

Much of my ongoing research is focused on understanding people’s beliefs about inequality and support for redistributive policies. For instance, I study why people often harbor optimistic views about their future upward mobility, even in contexts where the poor are overwhelmingly likely to remain poor, and what this means for support for progressive taxation. In another project, I’m examining how the presence of “informal” social insurance mechanisms in India—within extended families, localities, and ethnic groups—affects the demands citizens make of the state.

How did your experience as a Stone Scholar influence your work?

My experience as a Stone Scholar has been truly formative, shaping my intellectual interests while giving me the resources to pursue those interests. Above all, I am grateful for the opportunity to work with brilliant students and scholars from across disciplinary backgrounds who are all motivated to address the causes and consequences of inequality.


Allison Daminger

What did you study at Harvard?

After studying anthropology at Princeton, I earned a master’s in sociology at Harvard, along with a PhD in sociology and social policy. This year, I’ve started a new position as assistant professor of sociology at the University of Wisconsin–Madison.

What are you working on now?

My research focuses on how and why gender continues to shape individuals’ experiences at home and at work, even as support for gender-egalitarianism grows. I’m currently writing a book based on my dissertation about cognitive labor—or project management for the household—which is work that includes tasks like remembering when it’s time to schedule an oil change, deciding on a daycare center, and researching a new dishwasher, for example. Based on more than 140 interviews, I find that women in different-gender couples typically bear the brunt of the cognitive load—yet many egalitarians are often content with this inequality because they see it as a function of personality or circumstance rather than of gender norms.

How did your experience as a Stone Scholar influence your work?

The Stone Scholarship helped me think about how to communicate my research to audiences beyond my discipline. The interdisciplinary dialogue among my fellow Scholars was also helpful in pointing me to literature that I might not have discovered on my own, and to a diverse set of critiques that ultimately strengthened my scholarship. And of course, the financial support from the program enabled me to dedicate a much larger proportion of my time to developing my own research agenda.


Anna Stansbury

What did you study at Harvard?

After my undergraduate degree in economics at Cambridge, I earned a master’s in public policy at Harvard Kennedy School and a PhD in economics in the Harvard Department of Economics. I’m now an assistant professor at the MIT Sloan School of Management.

What are you working on now?

I work on the intersection of labor and macroeconomics, with a focus on industrialized economies—mostly the U.S.—and how power and institutions in the labor market help create and allocate incomes. This has manifested in research projects like understanding the degree to which employer concentration—a scarcity of employers—reduces labor market competition and suppresses wages; analyzing the macroeconomic effects of the decline of unions and worker power in the U.S.; and estimating whether productivity growth benefits the pay of workers.

I’m currently working to understand the effect of labor market competition on workplace health and safety. As the pandemic has shown us, workplace injuries and illnesses are a huge way in which employment affects people’s well-being. I’m also an advocate for increasing diversity in the economics profession, and I’ve been documenting, for the first time, the strikingly large socioeconomic disparities in the field—with economics PhDs in the U.S. among the least socioeconomically diverse of any discipline.

How did your experience as a Stone Scholar influence your work?

My experience with an amazing group of scholars, all focused on crucial inequality issues from different disciplinary perspectives and backgrounds, was transformative. I learned a huge amount from the classes we took and from my peers’ research and have formed lasting intellectual relationships with many in my cohort. The funding from the Stone Scholarship also helped reduce my teaching obligations and gave me more time to focus on my research.